Transición del cuidado de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas y su relación con las características clínicas y sociodemográficas / Transition of care of patients with chronic diseases and its relation with clinical and sociodemographic characteristics / Transição do cuidado de pacientes com doenças crônicas e sua relação com as características clínicas e sociodemográficas

Objetivo: evaluar la transición del cuidado desde la perspectiva de las personas que viven con enfermedades crónicas e identificar su relación con las características clínicas y sociodemográficas. Método: estudio transversal, con 487 pacientes dados de alta de un hospital. Se utilizaron los instrumentos de caracterización clínica, sociodemográfica y Care Transitions Measure-15, que mide los factores Preparación para el automanejo, Preferencias aseguradas, Comprensión sobre medicamentos y Plan de cuidados. Análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: la transición del cuidado fue satisfactoria (76,8±10,4). Media de factores: Preparación para el automanejo (82,2±10,8), Preferencias aseguradas (84,7±14,3), Comprensión sobre medicamentos (75,7±13,7) y Plan de Cuidados (64,5±13,2). Pacientes del sexo femenino presentaron mayor promedio en el factor comprensión sobre medicamentos. Los blancos y los residentes en áreas urbanas calificaron mejor el Plan de cuidados. La media más alta se observó para el factor Preferencias aseguradas (84,7±14,3) y la más baja para el factor Plan de cuidados (64,5±13,2). En todos los factores se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables (paciente quirúrgico, tener artefactos clínicos y no estar hospitalizado por COVID-19). Los pacientes internados hasta cinco días presentaron diferencia estadística en los factores Preparación para el automanejo y Comprensión sobre medicamentos. En los pacientes que no reingresaron dentro de los 30 días posteriores al alta, la preparación para el automanejo fue mejor. Cuanto mejor sea la preparación para el automanejo, menores serán las tasas de reingreso a los 30 días. Conclusión: en pacientes que viven con enfermedades crónicas, variables sociodemográficas y clínicas están asociadas a la transición del cuidado. Los pacientes que evaluaron mejor la preparación para el automanejo tuvieron menos reingresos dentro de los 30 días.

Objective: evaluate the transition of care from the perspective of people living with chronic diseases and identify its relation with clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Method: cross-sectional study with 487 patients who were discharged from a hospital. Clinical and sociodemographic characterization instruments were used, as well as the Care Transitions Measure-15, which measures Preparation for self-management, Secured preferences, Understanding about medications and Care plan factors. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: the transition of care was satisfactory (76.8±10.4). Average of the factors: Preparation for self-management (82.2±10.8), Secured preferences (84.7±14.3), Understanding about medications (75.7±13.7) and Care plan (64.5±13.2). Female patients had a higher average in the understanding about medications factor. Whites and residents in the urban area better evaluated the Care plan factor. The highest mean was observed for the Secured preferences factor (84.7±14.3) and the lowest for the Care plan factor (64.5±13.2). In all factors, significant differences were found in the variables (surgical patient, carrying clinical artifacts and not being hospitalized for COVID-19). Patients hospitalized for up to five days showed statistical difference in Preparation for self-management and Understanding about medications factors. In patients who were not readmitted within 30 days of discharge, Preparation for self-management was better. The better the Preparation for self-management, the lower the 30-day readmission rates. Conclusion: in patients living with chronic diseases, sociodemographic and clinical variables are associated with the transition of care. Patients who better evaluated preparation for self-management had fewer readmissions within 30 days.

Objetivo: avaliar a transição do cuidado na perspectiva de pessoas que vivem com doenças crônicas e identificar sua relação com as características clínicas e sociodemográficas. Método: estudo transversal, com 487 pacientes que receberam alta de um hospital. Foram utilizados instrumentos de caracterização clínica, sociodemográfica e Care Transitions Measure-15, que mensura os fatores Preparo para o autogerenciamento, Preferências asseguradas, Entendimento das medicações e Plano de cuidados. Análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a transição do cuidado foi satisfatória (76,8±10,4). Média dos fatores: preparo para o autogerenciamento (82,2±10,8), Preferências asseguradas (84,7±14,3), Entendimento das medicações (75,7±13,7) e Plano de Cuidados (64,5±13,2). Pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram média superior no fator entendimento sobre medicações. Brancos e residentes na zona urbana avaliaram melhor o Plano de cuidados. Observou-se a maior média no fator Preferências asseguradas (84,7±14,3) e a menor no fator Plano de cuidados (64,5±13,2). Em todos os fatores, foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas variáveis (paciente cirúrgico, portar artefatos clínicos e não estar internado por COVID-19). Pacientes internados até cinco dias apresentaram diferença estatística nos fatores Preparação para o autogerenciamento e Entendimento das medicações. Em pacientes que não apresentaram reinternação em 30 dias após a alta, o Preparo para o autogerenciamento foi melhor. Quanto melhor o Preparo para o autogerenciamento, menores são os índices de reinternação em 30 dias. Conclusão: em pacientes que vivem com doenças crônicas, variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas estão associadas à transição do cuidado. Pacientes que avaliaram melhor o preparo para autogerenciamento tiveram menos reinternações em 30 dias.

Caracterización y evaluación de adherencia al programa Get With The Guidelines en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca aguda en un hospital de Bogotá, 2016-2018: Cohorte HUN-ICA

Introducción: la adherencia a estándares de manejo en insuficiencia cardiaca como la iniciativa Get With the Guidelines (GWTG) de la AHA puede disminuir los reingresos y mortalidad. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas de pacientes hospitalizados por insuficiencia cardiaca aguda y evaluar la adherencia a estándares de práctica clínica del programa "Get With The Guidelines", en un hospital universitario de Bogotá. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional de la cohorte retrospectiva HUN-ICA correspondiente a 493 pacientes adultos hospitalizados entre abril 2016 y diciembre 2018 por insuficiencia cardiaca aguda, se registraron variables clínicas, tratamiento, mortalidad, reingresos y se evaluó adherencia a estándares de calidad del programa GWTG. Resultados: 52,1 % de la población fueron mujeres con una media de edad 75 años y el 67,8 % con FEVI >40 %. La etiología más común fue hipertensiva 58,5 % y la mayor causa de descompensación infecciosa (28,8 %). Aumentó la adherencia al uso de betabloqueadores en pacientes con fracción de eyección reducida al egreso de 46 % respecto al ingreso y al uso de antagonistas de receptor mineralocorticoide en pacientes con FEVI reducida de 61,1 %. Discusión: la cohorte evaluada presentó un perfil hemodinámico, clínico y adherencia en el manejo similar a cohortes nacionales. Las dosis subóptimas de la medicación al egreso justifican la necesidad de clínicas ambulatorias de insuficiencia cardíaca. Conclusiones: Se encontró menor adherencia para uso y dosis óptimas de betabloqueadores y antagonista mineralocorticoide que la de la cohorte GWTG, con incremento del uso de terapia farmacológica entre el ingreso y el egreso hospitalario.

Introduction: adherence to management standards in heart failure such as the AHA´s Get With the Guidelines-Heart failure initiative can reduce readmissions and mortality. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure and to assess adherence to program quality standards of the Get With The Guidelines Program in a university hospital in Bogotá. Methods: observational, descriptive and retrospective HUN-ICA cohort study. 493 adult patients hospitalized for acute heart failure, between April 2016 to December 2018. Clinical variables, treatment, mortality, readmissions and adherence to program quality standards defined by the GWTG program criteria were evaluated. Results: 52,1 % of the population were women, mean age was 75 years, (67,8 %) cases of heart failure with LVEF > 40 %. The most common etiology of heart failure was hypertensive (58,5 %). The most frequent etiology of decompen- sation was infectious (28,8 %). Adherence to beta-blockers use increased in patients with reduced ejection fraction at discharge of 46 %, and to the use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in 61,1 %, compared to admission. Discussion: the evaluated cohort presented a hemodynamic, clinical profile and adherence similar to colombian cohorts. Suboptimal doses of medication upon discharge justify the need for outpatient heart failure clinics. Conclusions: lower adherence for use and optimal doses of beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists than GWTG cohort was found, with increased use of guidelines recommended pharmacological therapy between hospital admission and discharge.

The impact of universal induction therapy on early hospital readmission of kidney transplant recipients / O impacto da terapia de indução universal na readmissão hospitalar precoce de receptores de transplante renal

ABSTRACT Background: Early hospital readmission (EHR) is associated with worse outcomes. The use of anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG) induction therapy is associated with increased efficacy in preventing acute rejection, although safety concerns still exist. Methods: This retrospective single-center study compared the incidence, causes of EHR, and one-year clinical outcomes of patients receiving a kidney transplant between August 18, 2011 and December 31, 2012 (old era), in which only high-risk patients received 5 mg/kg rATG, with those transplanted between August 18, 2014 and December 31, 2015 (new era), in which all patients received a single 3 mg/kg dose of rATG. Results: There were 788 patients from the Old Era and 800 from the New Era. The EHR incidence in the old era patients was 26.4% and in the new era patients, 22.5% (p = 0.071). The main cause of EHR in both eras was infection (67% vs. 68%). The incidence of acute rejection episodes was lower (22.7% vs 3.5%, p < 0.001) and the one-year patient survival was higher (95.6% vs. 98.1%, vs. p = 0.004) in new era patients. Conclusion: The universal use of 3 mg/kg rATG single-dose induction therapy in the new era was associated with a trend towards reduced EHR and a reduction in the incidence of acute rejection and mortality.

Resumo Histórico: A Readmissão Hospitalar Precoce (RHP) está associada a piores desfechos. O uso de terapia de indução com globulina antitimócito (rATG, por sua sigla em inglês) está associado ao aumento da eficácia na prevenção de rejeição aguda, embora ainda existam preocupações quanto à segurança. Métodos: Este estudo retrospectivo de centro único comparou a incidência, as causas da RHP e os desfechos clínicos de um ano de pacientes que receberam transplante renal entre 18 de Agosto de 2011 e 31 de Dezembro de 2012 (Antiga Era), em que apenas pacientes de alto risco receberam 5 mg/kg de rATG, com aqueles transplantados entre 18 de Agosto de 2014 e 31 de Dezembro de 2015 (Nova Era), em que todos os pacientes receberam uma única dose de 3 mg/kg de rATG. Resultados: Houve 788 pacientes da Antiga Era e 800 da Nova Era. A incidência de RHP nos pacientes da antiga era foi de 26,4% e nos pacientes da nova era, 22,5% (p = 0,071). A principal causa de RHP em ambas as eras foi infecção (67% vs. 68%). A incidência de episódios de rejeição aguda foi menor (22,7% vs. 3,5%; p < 0,001) e a sobrevida do paciente em um ano foi maior (95,6% vs. 98,1%; vs. p = 0,004) em pacientes da nova era. Conclusão: O uso universal de terapia de indução de 3 mg/kg de rATG em dose única na nova era foi associado a uma tendência à redução da RHP e a uma redução na incidência de rejeição aguda e mortalidade.

Factors Associated with Readmission within 30 Days after Discharge and In-Hospital Mortality after Proximal Femoral Fracture Surgery in the Elderly: Retrospective Cohort / Fatores associados à reinternação em até 30 dias após a alta e à mortalidade intra-hospitalar após cirurgia por fratura do fêmur proximal em idosos: coorte retrospectiva

Abstract Objective To evaluate the factors associated with readmission within 30 days after discharge (R30) and in-hospital mortality (IHM) in elderly patients undergoing proximal femur fracture surgery (PFF). Methods Retrospective cohort with data from 896 medical records of elderly (≥ 60 years) patients submitted to PFF surgery in a Brazilian hospital between November 2014 and December, 2019. The patients included were followed-up from the date of hospitalization for surgery up to 30 days after discharge. As independent variables, we evaluated gender, age, marital status, pre- and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb), international normalized ratio, time of hospitalization related to the surgery, door-surgery time, comorbidities, previous surgeries, use of medications, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score. Results The incidence of R30 was 10.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.3-12.3%), and the incidence of IHM was 5.7% (95%CI: 4.3-7.4%). Regarding R30, hypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 1.71; 95%CI: 1.03-2.96), and regular use of psychotropic drugs (OR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.12-2.72) were associated in the adjusted model. In the case of IHM, higher chances were associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR: 5.80; 95%CI: 2.64-12.31), longer hospitalization time (OR: 1.06; 95%CI: 1.01-1.10), and R30 (OR: 3.60; 95%CI: 1.54-7.96). Higher preoperative Hb values were associated with a lower chance of mortality (OR: 0.73; 95%CI: 0.61-0.87). Conclusion Findings suggest that the occurrence of these outcomes is associated with comorbidities, medications, and Hb.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os fatores associados à reinternação em até 30 dias após a alta (R30) e à mortalidade intra-hospitalar (MIH) em idosos submetidos a cirurgia por fratura do fêmur proximal (FFP). Métodos Coorte retrospectiva com dados de 896 prontuários de idosos (≥ 60 anos) submetidos a cirurgia de FFP em hospital brasileiro, no período entre novembro de 2014 a dezembro de 2019. Os pacientes incluídos foram acompanhados desde a data de internação para a cirurgia até 30 dias após a alta. Como variáveis independentes, foram avaliados o sexo, idade, estado civil, hemoglobina (Hb) pré e pós-operatória, razão normalizada internacional, tempo da internação relacionada à cirurgia, tempo porta cirurgia, comorbidades, cirurgias prévias, uso de medicamentos e escore da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA). Resultados A incidência de R30 foi de 10,2% (intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 8,3-12,3%) e a de MIH foi 5,7% (IC95%: 4,3-7,4%). Referente a R30, no modelo ajustado, associaram-se ter hipertensão (odds ratio [OR]: 1,71; IC95%: 1,03-2,96), uso regular de medicamentos psicotrópicos (OR: 1,74; IC95%: 1,12-2,72). Tratando-se da MIH, maiores chances estiveram associadas à doença renal crônica (DRC) (OR: 5,80; IC95%: 2,64-12,31), maior tempo de internação (OR: 1,06; IC95%: 1,01-1,10) e R30 (OR: 3,60; IC95%: 1,54-7,96). Maiores valores de Hb pré-operatória associaram-se à menor chance de mortalidade (OR: 0,73; IC95%: 0,61-0,87). Conclusão Os achados sugerem que a ocorrência destes desfechos está associada à comorbidades, medicamentos e Hb.

Clinical value of Hospital Admission Risk Profile (HARP) and the Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR) scales to predict hospital-associated functional decline in an acute geriatric unit in Colombia

Background: Older adults admitted to a hospital for acute illness are at higher risk of hospital-associated functional decline during stays and after discharge. Objective: This study aimed to assess the calibration and discriminative abilities of the Hospital Admission Risk Profile (HARP) and the Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR) scales as predictors of hospital-associated functional decline at discharge in a cohort of patients older than age 65 receiving management in an acute geriatric care unit in Colombia. Methods: This study is an external validation of ISAR and HARP prediction models in a cohort of patients over 65 years managed in an acute geriatric care unit. The study included patients with Barthel index measured at admission and discharge. The evaluation discriminate ability and calibration, two fundamental aspects of the scales. Results: Of 833 patients evaluated, 363 (43.6%) presented hospital-associated functional decline at discharge. The HARP underestimated the risk of hospital-associated functional decline for patients in low- and intermediate-risk categories (relation between observed/expected events (ROE) 1.82 and 1.51, respectively). The HARP overestimated the risk of hospital-associated functional decline for patients in the high-risk category (ROE 0.91). The ISAR underestimated the risk of hospital-associated functional decline for patients in low- and high-risk categories (ROE 1.59 and 1.11). Both scales showed poor discriminative ability, with an area under the curve (AUC) between 0.55 and 0.60. Conclusions: This study found that HARP and ISAR scales have limited discriminative ability to predict HAFD at discharge. The HARP and ISAR scales should be used cautiously in the Colombian population since they underestimate the risk of hospital-associated functional decline and have low discriminative ability.

Antecedentes: los adultos mayores ingresados en un hospital por una enfermedad aguda tienen un mayor riesgo de deterioro functional hospitalario durante su estancia y después del alta. Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las capacidades de calibración y discriminación de las escalas Hospital Admission Risk Profile (HARP) e Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR) como predictores de deterioro funcional hospitalario al alta en una cohorte de pacientes mayores de 65 años que recibieron manejo en una unidad geriátrica de agudos en Colombia. Métodos: este estudio es una validación externa de los modelos de predicción ISAR y HARP en una cohorte de pacientes mayores de 65 años atendidos en una unidad geriátrica de agudos. El estudio incluyó pacientes con índice de Barthel medido al ingreso y al alta y la evaluación de la capacidad de discriminación y calibración, dos aspectos fundamentales para esta medición. Resultados: de 833 pacientes evaluados, 363 (43.6%) presentaron deterioro funcional hospitalario al momento del alta. La escala HARP subestimó el riesgo de deterioro funcional hospitalario para los pacientes en las categorías de riesgo bajo e intermedio (relación entre eventos observados /esperados (ROE) 1.82 y 1.51, respectivamente). El HARP sobrestimó el riesgo de deterioro funcional hospitalario para pacientes en la categoría de alto riesgo (ROE 0.91). El ISAR subestimó el riesgo de deterioro hospitalario para pacientes en categorías de bajo y alto riesgo (ROE 1.59 y 1.11). Ambas escalas mostraron una pobre capacidad de discriminación, con un área bajo la curva (AUC) entre 0.55 y 0.60. Conclusiones: este estudio encontró que las escalas HARP e ISAR tienen una capacidad de discriminación limitada para predecir deterioro funcional hospitalario al alta. Las escalas HARP e ISAR deben usarse con cautela en la población colombiana ya que subestiman el riesgo de deterioro funcional hospitalario y tienen baja capacidad de discriminación.

Causes & risk factors for unscheduled readmissions in the paediatric ward of a major public hospital

Background & objectives: Readmissions are often considered as an indicator of poor quality of care during previous hospitalization, although many of these are unavoidable or unrelated to the past admission. The identification of high-risk cases for readmissions and appropriate interventions will help not only reduce the hospital burden but also to establish the credibility of the hospital. So this study aimed to determine the readmission percentage in the paediatric wards of a tertiary care hospital and to identify the reasons and risk factors that can help minimize preventable re-hospitalizations. Methods: This prospective study from a public hospital included 563 hospitalized children, classified as first admission or readmissions. Readmissions were defined as one or more hospitalizations within preceding six months, excluding scheduled admissions for investigations or treatment. Reason-wise, the readmissions were classified into various categories, based on the opinion of three paediatricians. Results: The percentage of children getting readmitted within six, three and one month time from the index admission was 18.8, 11.1 and 6.4 per cent, respectively. Among readmissions, 61.2 per cent were disease-related, 16.5 per cent unrelated, 15.5 per cent patient-related, 3.8 per cent medication/procedure-related and 2.9 per cent physician-related causes. Patient- and physician-related causes were deemed preventable, contributing to 18.4 per cent. The proximity of residence, undernutrition, poor education of the caretaker and non-infectious diseases were associated with increased risk of readmission. Interpretation & conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that readmissions pose a substantial burden on the hospital services. The primary disease process and certain sociodemographic factors are the major determinants for the increased risk of readmissions among paediatric patients.

Research progress and enlightenment of unplanned readmission in postoperative gynecologic malignancy patients / 中国实用护理杂志

The high incidence of unplanned readmission of postoperative patients with gynecologic malignancies not only seriously affects the quality of life of patients, but also increases the medical burden. This paper reviews the current situation, common causes, relevant factors and insights of unplanned readmission of postoperative gynecologic malignancy patients, and further explores the unplanned readmission of postoperative gynecologic malignancy patients in China by drawing on existing foreign studies and combining them with the actual situation in China, with the aim of providing a basis for clinical health care professionals to develop targeted intervention plans, so as to effectively reduce the unplanned readmission of postoperative gynecologic malignancy patients.

High dependency unit reduce ICU readmission rate in patients with severe liver disease: A clinical study / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To explore the difference in intensive care unit (ICU) readmission rate between high dependency unit (HDU) and general ward for the patients with severe liver disease (SLD), and reflect the effect of HDU on SLD patientse. Methods: A clinical cohort of patients transferred out of ICU was established, and patients with severe liver disease who were transferred to HDU& general ward from July 2017 to December 2021 in the intensive care Unit of the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were continuously enrolled. The main liver function indexes and MELD scores between the two groups were compared. Analyze the differences in severity and ICU readmission rate of SLD patients transferred to different wards, and clarify the role of HDU in the management of SLD patient. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was used to investigate the value of MELD score in predicting the occurrence of return to ICU. Results: The level of INR, TB, ALT and MELD scores of SLD patients transferred to HDU were significantly higher than those of patients transferred to general ward (all P < 0.05). MELD > 17 was found in 70.7% of SLD patients transferred to HDU group, while MELD ≤ 17 was found in 61.9% of SLD patients in general ward group. The ICU readmission rate of all patients in this cohort was 11.4%. By MELD quartile stratification, patients with SLD whose MELD > 23 had a significantly higher ICU readmission rate (20.0%) than those with SLD whose MELD ≤ 23 (8.6%) (P = 0.020). The ICU readmission rate was 8.2% when MELD ≤ 23 in the HDU group and 9.1% when MELD > 23, showing no significant difference (P = 1.000). The ICU readmission rate was 8.8% when MELD ≤ 23 in the general ward group. ICU reentry rate increased significantly to 36.4% when MELD > 23 (P = 0.001). MELD Score predicts that the optimal cut-off value of SLD patients in general ward readmitted to ICU was 23.5. Conclusion: The high dependency unit could better admit patients with SLD who were transferred out of ICU and required step-down treatment, and significantly reduced the ICU readmission rate of patients with SLD who were transferred out of ICU with MELD > 23. The patients with SLD and MELD score > 23 are suitable to be transferred from ICU to HDU.

Correlation between traditional Chinese medicine and reduced risk of readmission in rheumatoid arthritis patients with hypoproteinemia:a retrospective cohort study / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and reduced risk of readmission in patients having rheumatoid arthritis with hypoproteinemia(RA-H). A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 2 437 rheumatoid arthritis patients in the information system database of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from 2014 to 2021, and 476 of them were found to have hypoproteinemia. The patients were divided into TCM users and non-TCM users by propensity score matching. Exposure was defined as the use of oral Chinese patent medicine or herbal decoction for ≥1 month. Cox regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors of clinical indicators of rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, the use of TCM during hospitalization was analyzed, and analysis of association rules was conducted to investigate the correlation between TCM, improvement of indicators and readmission of patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to compare the readmission rate of TCM users and non-TCM users. It was found the readmission rate of RA-H patients was significantly higher than that of RA patients. By propensity score matching, 232 RA-H patients were divided into TCM group(116 cases) and non-TCM group(116 cases). Compared with the conditions in the non-TCM group, the readmission rate of the TCM group was lowered(P<0.01), and the readmission rate of middle-aged and elderly patients was higher than that of young patients(P<0.01). Old age was a risk factor for readmission of RA-H patients, while TCM, albumin(ALB) and total protein(TP) were the protective factors. During hospitalization, the TCMs used for RA-H patients were mainly divided into types of activating blood and resolving stasis, relaxing sinew and dredging collaterals, clearing heat and detoxifying, and invigorating spleen and resolving dampness. The improvement of rheumatoid factor(RF), immunoglobulin G(IgG), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP) and ALB was closely related to TCM. On the basis of western medicine treatment, the application of TCM could reduce the readmission rate of RA-H patients, and longer use of TCM indicated lower readmission rate.

Performance of risk scores in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD / Desempenho de escores de risco em pacientes com exacerbações agudas da DPOC

ABSTRACT Objective: Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are common causes of hospitalization. Various scoring systems have been proposed to classify the risk of clinical deterioration or mortality in hospitalized patients with AECOPD. We sought to investigate whether clinical deterioration and mortality scores at admission can predict adverse events occurring during hospitalization and after discharge of patients with AECOPD. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients admitted with AECOPD. The National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2), the NEWS288-92%, the Dyspnea, Eosinopenia, Consolidation, Acidemia, and atrial Fibrillation (DECAF) score, and the modified DECAF (mDECAF) score were calculated at admission. We assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and overall performance of the scores for the following outcomes: in-hospital mortality; need for invasive mechanical ventilation or noninvasive ventilation (NIV); long hospital stays; hospital readmissions; and future AECOPD. Results: We included 119 patients admitted with AECOPD. The median age was 75 years, and 87.9% were male. The NEWS288-92% was associated with an 8.9% reduction in the number of individuals classified as requiring close, continuous observation, without an increased risk of death in the group of individuals classified as being low-risk patients. The NEWS288-92% and NEWS2 scores were found to be adequate in predicting the need for acute NIV and longer hospital stays. The DECAF and mDECAF scores were found to be better at predicting in-hospital mortality than the NEWS2 and NEWS288-92%. Conclusions: The NEWS288-92% safely reduces the need for clinical monitoring in patients with AECOPD when compared with the NEWS2. The NEWS2 and NEWS288-92% appear to be good predictors of the length of hospital stay and need for NIV, but they do not replace the DECAF and mDECAF scores as predictors of mortality.

RESUMO Objetivo: As exacerbações agudas da DPOC (EADPOC) são causas comuns de hospitalização. Vários escores foram propostos para classificar o risco de deterioração clínica ou mortalidade em pacientes hospitalizados com EADPOC. Buscamos investigar se escores de deterioração clínica e mortalidade no momento da admissão podem prever eventos adversos durante a hospitalização e após a alta de pacientes com EADPOC. Métodos: Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo a respeito de pacientes admitidos com EADPOC. O National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2), o NEWS288-92%, o escore Dyspnea, Eosinopenia, Consolidation, Acidemia, and atrial Fibrillation (DECAF, Dispneia, Eosinopenia, Consolidação, Acidemia e Fibrilação atrial) e o escore DECAF modificado (DECAFm) foram calculados no momento da admissão. Avaliamos a sensibilidade, a especificidade e o desempenho geral dos escores quanto aos seguintes desfechos: mortalidade hospitalar; necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva ou ventilação não invasiva (VNI); longas internações hospitalares; readmissões hospitalares e futuras AECOPD. Resultados: Incluímos 119 pacientes admitidos com EADPOC. A mediana da idade foi de 75 anos, e 87,9% eram do sexo masculino. O NEWS288-92% associou-se a uma redução de 8,9% no número de indivíduos classificados em pacientes com necessidade de observação atenta e contínua, sem aumento do risco de morte no grupo de indivíduos classificados em pacientes de baixo risco. O NEWS288-92% e o NEWS2 foram considerados adequados para prever a necessidade de VNI aguda e internações hospitalares mais longas. O DECAF e o DECAFm foram considerados melhores em prever a mortalidade hospitalar do que o NEWS2 e o NEWS288-92%. Conclusões: Em comparação com o NEWS2, o NEWS288-92% reduz com segurança a necessidade de monitoramento clínico em pacientes com EADPOC. O NEWS2 e o NEWS288-92% aparentemente são bons preditores do tempo de internação hospitalar e da necessidade de VNI, mas não substituem o DECAF e o DECAFm como preditores de mortalidade.

Fatores relacionados às readmissões ao Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência / Factores relacionados con los retornos al Servicio Móvil de Atención de Urgencias / Factors related to readmissions to the Mobile Emergency Care Service

Resumo Objetivo analisar os fatores associados à readmissão de atendimento ao Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU). Método estudo epidemiológico, do tipo seccional. Analisaram-se dados de 600 pacientes adultos atendidos pelo serviço de um município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil, no ano de 2015. Uma regressão logística múltipla identificou os fatores associados à readmissão. Resultados predominaram o atendimento de ocorrências clínicas, pacientes do sexo masculino e média de idade de 55,5 anos. Identificou-se um retorno de 26,7% nos seis meses seguintes ao atendimento no serviço pré-hospitalar. As readmissões se associaram aos fatores clínicos dos pacientes, aos procedimentos realizados no ambiente pré-hospitalar móvel e ao fluxo intra-hospitalar. Ademais, foi possível verificar relação com a região da cidade na qual o estudo foi realizado. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a análise mostrou um perfil de atendimentos a pacientes com idade média de 55 anos e acometidos por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. A chance de retorno se associou à natureza clínica da doença, aos fluxos assistenciais e à região do atendimento. Estudos como este auxiliam no planejamento e na elaboração de políticas públicas e ações em saúde condizentes com as necessidades identificadas, com potencial de auxiliar na diminuição da sobrecarga dos serviços de urgência.

Resumen Objetivo analizar los factores asociados al retorno al Servicio de atención móvil de urgencias. Método estudio epidemiológico transversal. Se analizaron datos de 600 pacientes adultos atendidos por el servicio en una ciudad del interior de São Paulo, Brasil, en 2015. La regresión logística múltiple identificó factores asociados con el retorno. Resultados predominó la asistencia a eventos clínicos, sexo masculino y edad media de 55,5 años. Se identificó un retorno del 26,7% a los seis meses de atención en el servicio prehospitalario. Las recaídas se asociaron con los factores clínicos de los pacientes, los procedimientos realizados en el ambiente prehospitalario móvil y el flujo intrahospitalario. También es posible verificar una relación con la región de la ciudad en la que se realizó el estudio. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica el análisis mostró un perfil de atención para pacientes con una edad promedio de 55 años y afectados por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. La posibilidad de retorno se asoció con la naturaleza clínica de la enfermedad, los flujos de atención y la región de atención. Estudios como este ayudan en la planificación y elaboración de políticas públicas y acciones de salud acordes con las necesidades identificadas, con el fin de reducir la sobrecarga de los servicios de emergencia.

Abstract Objective to analyze the factors associated with readmission to the Mobile Emergency Care Service. Method this is an epidemiological, cross-sectional study. Data from 600 adult patients served by the service in a municipality in the countryside of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2015 were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression identified the factors associated with readmission. Results clinical occurrences, male sex, and a mean age of 55.5 years predominated. A 26.7% return rate within six months of prehospital service was identified. Readmissions were associated with patients' clinical factors, procedures performed in the mobile prehospital environment, and intra-hospital flow. Additionally, a relationship with the region of the city where the study was conducted was observed. Conclusion and implications for the practice the analysis revealed a profile of patients with a mean age of 55 years and afflicted by chronic non-communicable diseases. The likelihood of return was associated with the clinical nature of the disease, care flows, and the service region. Studies similar to this one assist in planning and developing public policies and health actions in line with identified needs, aiming to reduce the burden on emergency services.

Thirty-day unplanned readmission after spine surgery: analysis of 650 cases / Readmissão não planejada em 30 dias após cirurgias da coluna: análise de 650 casos / Reingreso no planificado a los 30 días después de cirugías de la columna: análisis de 650 casos

ABSTRACT: Objective: Postoperative readmission rates can be used to assess hospital care quality. The rates of unplanned readmission within 30 days after spine surgery are variable in the literature, and no studies have evaluated such rates in a single Latin American center. This study aimed to assess the rate of unplanned hospital readmission within 30 days after a spine surgery at a single Brazilian institution and to identify possible risk factors. Methods: Patients who underwent spine surgery at a single private hospital between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and those with unplanned readmissions within 30 days of discharge were identified. Risk factors were determined, and the reoperation rate was assessed. Results: 650 patients were included in the analysis, and 74 (11.28%) were readmitted within 30 days after surgery. Higher readmission rates were observed after vertebroplasty and surgeries involving spinal or bone tumors. The risk factors found in the series were older age, longer hospital stays, higher ASA scores, instrumented surgeries, diabetes mellitus, and surgeries involving primary or secondary spinal tumors. The most common causes of unplanned readmission were infection and pain. Of the readmissions, 28.37% required a return to the operating room. Conclusions: This study suggests infection and pain management were the most common causes of unplanned readmission after spine surgery. Strategies to improve perioperative and postoperative care are required to reduce unplanned readmissions. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Comparative Study.

RESUMO: Objetivo: As taxas de readmissão pós-operatórias podem ser usadas para avaliação da qualidade assistencial hospitalar. As taxas de readmissão não planejada em 30 dias após cirurgias de coluna são variáveis na literatura, e não há estudos avaliando tais taxas em centros únicos da América Latina. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as taxas de readmissões não planejadas em 30 dias após cirurgias de coluna em uma única instituição brasileira e identificar possíveis fatores de risco. Métodos: Pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de coluna em um único hospital privado entre janeiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2020 foram avaliados retrospectivamente, e aqueles readmitidos dentro de 30 dias foram identificados. Fatores de risco foram determinados e a taxa de reoperação foi avaliada. Resultados: 650 pacientes foram incluídos na análise, e 74 (11,28%) foram readmitidos dentro de 30 dias após a cirurgia. Maiores taxas de readmissão foram observadas após vertebroplastia e cirurgias envolvendo tumores espinhais ou tumores ósseos. Os fatores de risco encontrados em nossa série foram idade mais elevada, maior tempo de hospitalização, maior escore ASA, cirurgias com instrumentação, diabetes mellitus e cirurgias envolvendo tumores vertebrais primários ou secundários. As causas mais comuns de readmissão não planejada foram infecção e dor. Dentre os pacientes reinternados, 28,37% necessitaram de reoperação. Conclusões: Este estudo sugere que infecção e manejo de dor foram as causas mais comuns de readmissão não planejada após cirurgias de coluna. Estratégias para melhorar os cuidados pre e pós-operatórios são necessárias para reduzir readmissões não planejadas. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Retrospectivo Comparativo.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Las tasas de reingreso después de la cirugía de columna son variables y ningún estudio ha evaluado tales tasas en un solo centro latinoamericano. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la tasa de reingreso hospitalario no planificado dentro de los 30 días posteriores a la cirugía de columna en una sola institución brasileña e identificar posibles factores de riesgo. Métodos: Se analizaron retrospectivamente los pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía de columna en un solo hospital entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2020, y se identificaron aquellos con reingresos no planificados dentro de los 30 días posteriores al alta. Se determinaron los factores de riesgo y se evaluó la tasa de reoperación. Resultados: En el análisis se incluyeron un total de 650 pacientes, y 74 (11,28%) reingresaron dentro de los 30 días posteriores a la cirugía. Se observaron tasas de reingreso más altas después de la vertebroplastia y las cirugías que involucraron tumores espinales u óseos. Los factores de riesgo encontrados en nuestra serie fueron la edad avanzada, la estancia hospitalaria más prolongada, las puntuaciones ASA más altas, las cirugías instrumentadas, la diabetes mellitus y las cirugías de tumores espinales. Las causas más frecuentes de reingreso fueron la infección y el dolor. De los reingresos, el 28,37% requirieron volver al quirófano. Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere que la infección y el manejo del dolor fueron las causas más comunes de reingreso. Se requieren estrategias para mejorar la atención perioperatoria y posoperatoria y así reducir las readmisiones no planificadas. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio comparativo retrospectivo.

Discharge planning carried out by nurses to increase caregivers' competence: a clinical trial / Planificación del alta hospitalaria a cargo de enfermeros para mejorar la competencia de los cuidadores: ensayo clínico / Planejamento de alta realizado por enfermeiros para o aumento da competência de cuidadores: ensaio clínico

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effect of discharge planning conducted by nurses for informal caregivers of dependent people in increasing competence to care and reducing hospital readmissions. Method: a simple, randomized clinical trial conducted with two groups. Ninety-one dyads of informal caregivers-dependent people allocated to the Intervention Group (n=46) and Control Group (n=45) participated. Data collection, carried out in 2021, lasted eight months. The caregivers' outcomes (competence and hospital readmissions) were measured using the COPER-14 instrument at the following moments: pre-/post-intervention; and first, fourth and eighth week after discharge. Results: the informal caregivers' competence for care was 38% (p<0.001) higher in the Intervention Group. Competence was related to the caregiver's previous experience with care (18% higher, p<0.001) and to the experience of readmissions (11% higher, p<0.001). The Intervention Group had more readmissions (24%), whereas the Control Group showed more readmissions within seven days of discharge (13%). Conclusion: the intervention was effective in increasing the competence of informal caregivers of dependent people in the dehospitalization process; however, it did not reduce the number of readmissions. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: RBR-5rzmzf.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la planificación del alta hospitalaria dirigida por enfermeros para cuidadores informales de personas dependientes sobre el aumento en la competencia de los cuidadores y la reducción en la cantidad de reinternaciones. Método: ensayo clínico de aleatorización simple y realizado con dos grupos. Los participantes fueron 91 díadas de cuidadores informales-personas dependientes asignadas al Grupo Intervención (n=46) y al Grupo Control (n=45). Realizado en 2021, el procedimiento de recolección de datos duró ocho meses. Los resultados de los cuidadores (competencia y reinternaciones) se midieron con el instrumento COPER 14, en los siguientes momentos: antes/después de la intervención; y a la semana uno, cuatro y ocho después del alta hospitalaria. Resultados: la competencia para cuidar en los cuidadores informales fue 38% (p<0,001) superior en el Grupo Intervención. La competencia estuvo relacionada con la experiencia previa de los cuidadores en dicha actividad (18% superior, p<0,001) y con haber vivido procesos de reinternación (11% superior, p<0,001). El Grupo Intervención presentó más reinternaciones (24%), mientras que en el Grupo Control se registraron más reinternaciones hasta siete días después del alta hospitalaria (13%). Conclusión: la intervención fue efectiva para aumentar la competencia de cuidadores informales de personas dependientes durante el proceso del alta hospitalaria, aunque no logró reducir la cantidad de reinternaciones. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos RBR-5rzmzf.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o efeito do planejamento de alta conduzido por enfermeiros a cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes, no aumento da competência para cuidar e na diminuição das readmissões hospitalares. Método: ensaio clínico randomizado, simples, conduzido com dois grupos. Participaram 91 díades de cuidadores informais-pessoas dependentes alocadas ao Grupo Intervenção (n=46) e Grupo Controle (n=45). A coleta de dados, realizada em 2021, perdurou por oito meses. Os desfechos dos cuidadores (competência e readmissões hospitalares) foram mensurados pelo instrumento COPER 14, nos momentos: pré/pós-intervenção, primeira, quarta e oitava semana após a alta. Resultados: a competência para cuidar de cuidadores informais foi 38% (p=<0,001) maior no Grupo Intervenção. A competência relacionou-se à experiência prévia do cuidador com o cuidado (18% maior, p=<0,001) e a vivência de reinternações (11% maior, p=<0,001). O Grupo Intervenção apresentou mais reinternações (24%), enquanto o Grupo Controle demonstrou mais reinternações em até sete dias após a alta (13%). Conclusão: a intervenção foi efetiva para aumentar a competência de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes no processo de desospitalização, contudo não reduziu o número de reinternações. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos RBR-5rzmzf.

Management of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation During Surgical Ventricular Restoration for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

ABSTRACT Introduction: We studied the effect of tricuspid valve (TV) surgery combined with surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) on operative outcomes, rehospitalization, recurrent tricuspid regurgitation, and survival of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Additionally, surgery was compared to conservative management in patients with mild or moderate tricuspid regurgitation. To the best of our knowledge, the advantage of combining TV surgery with SVR in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy had not been investigated before. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 137 SVR patients who were recruited from 2009 to 2020. Patients were divided into two groups - those with no concomitant TV surgery (n=74) and those with concomitant TV repair or replacement (n=63). Results: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use was higher in SVR patients without TV surgery (P=0.015). Re-exploration and blood transfusion were significantly higher in those with TV surgery (P=0.048 and P=0.037, respectively). Hospital mortality occurred in eight (10.81%) patients with no TV surgery vs. five (7.94%) in the TV surgery group (P=0.771). Neither rehospitalization (log-rank P=0.749) nor survival (log-rank P=0.515) differed in patients with mild and moderate tricuspid regurgitation in both groups. Freedom from recurrent tricuspid regurgitation was non-significantly higher in mild and moderate tricuspid regurgitation patients with no TV surgery (P=0.059). Conservative management predicted the recurrence of tricuspid regurgitation. Conclusion: TV surgery concomitant with SVR could reduce the recurrence of tricuspid regurgitation; however, its effect on the clinical outcomes of rehospitalization and survival was not evident. The same effects were observed in patients with mild and moderate tricuspid regurgitation.

Risk factors for unplanned readmission in patients with acute myocardial infarction in Plateau Area / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To explore the risk factors of unplanned readmission in patients with acute myocardial infarction in plateau area. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 220 patients with acute myocardial infarction in the hospital's internal medicine department from January 2020 to May 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had unplanned readmission within one year, 79 patients were included in readmission group, and 141 patients without unplanned readmission were included in non-readmission group. Clinical data of the 220 patients with acute myocardial infarction in plateau area were collected by reviewing electronic medical records, and laboratory examination and angiography examination were performed 1 day before discharge. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out, and ROC curve risk prediction model was established. Results There were statistically significant differences in age, history of myocardial infarction, history of PCI, history of stroke, blood calcium, and Kilip cardiac function between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥60 years old, history of myocardial infarction, history of PCI, history of stroke, blood calcium and Kilip cardiac function grading were positively correlated with unscheduled readmission (P < 0.05). The ROC curve was drawn with the occurrence of unplanned readmission as the state variable. The AUC area was 0.801, the predictive sensitivity was 88.94%, and the specificity was 57.92%. Conclusion Unplanned readmission of AMI patients in plateau areas is related to multiple factors. It is necessary to identify high-risk groups as early as possible in combination with risk factors and develop individualized intervention measures.

Impact of intrinsic capacity on predicting future falls and readmission in older patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of the decline of intrinsic capacity(IC)and to explore the effect of intrinsic capacity decline on falls and hospital readmission during 1 year follow-up.Methods:A total of 311 elderly patients treated in Geriatrics Department of Zhejiang Hospital were enrolled.General information and intrinsic ability data, including cognitive(simple mental state inventory), motor(Tinetti-Balance Scale and 4 m test), vitality(grip strength and mini-nutrition assessment table), perception(self-rated vision or hearing impairment), and psychosocial(Geriatric depression scale), were collected at admission.Falls and hospital readmission within 1 year after discharge were followed up.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship of baseline intrinsic ability at admission with falls and hospital readmission during 1-year follow-up.Results:Of 311 elderly hospitalized patients, 282(90.7%)had intrinsic capacity decline.During 1 year follow-up, 38 elderly patients(12.2%)had falls and 69 elderly patients(22.2%)were hospital readmitted.After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, gender, education level, comorbidities, multiple medications, fear of falling, and assistive tool use and so on, Logistic regression analysis showed that decreased balance ability was a risk factor for falls within 1 year in elderly patients( OR=3.515, 95% CI: 1.089-11.346, P=0.036), and slow walking speed was a risk factor for one-year hospital readmission( OR=2.426, 95% CI: 1.181-4.983, P=0.016). Conclusions:Decreased motor capacity is closely associated with falls and hospital readmission within 1 year in older patients.Great attention should be paid to the assessment and intervention of motor ability in elderly patients.

Cuidados de enfermería del plan de transición de la unidad de salud mental al hogar: Scoping Review (Revisión de alcance) / Mental Health Unit to Home Transition Plan´s Nursing Care: Scoping Review / Cuidados de enfermagem do plano de transição da unidade de saúde mental para o Lar: Scoping Review (Revisão do âmbito de aplicação)

Introducción. El reingreso hospitalario de los pacientes con enfermedad mental es causado principalmente por descompensación del trastorno de base; por esto, se deben considerar intervenciones centradas en la rehabilitación y reinserción social, siendo la transición a la atención domiciliaria una estrategia que aporta a la disminución de brechas, al acceso a los servicios y a las rehospitalizaciones. El presente estudio busca identificar y exponer, desde los cuidados de enfermería, cuáles son las características del plan de transición del paciente hospitalizado en la unidad de salud mental reportados en la literatura sintetizando los hallazgos. Metodología. Revisión de alcance según los lineamientos del JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis y el informe PRISMA. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Nursingovid y ScienceDirect, se incluyeron publicaciones en español, inglés y portugués en el período comprendido entre 2015-2021. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 14 artículos, identificando las siguientes temáticas: Planes y preparativos para el alta; Continuidad de la atención en salud; Apoyo social y familiar para el alta; y Adherencia terapéutica e Implicaciones para la práctica de enfermería. Discusión. En concordancia con otros estudios, se destacan las intervenciones que trabajan las buenas relaciones interpersonales, el apoyo social y la generación del vínculo entre el hospital y la comunidad. Conclusiones. La literatura encontrada reporta cinco características del plan de transición con intervenciones de enfermería que representan el éxito del proceso de transición para el paciente.

Introduction. Hospital readmission of patients with mental illness is mainly caused by worsening of the underlying disorder; therefore, interventions focused on rehabilitation and social reintegration should be considered, being the transition to home care a strategy that contributes to the reduction of gaps, and an improved access to services and rehospitalizations. The present study seeks to identify and expose, from nursing care, which are the characteristics of the transition plan of the hospitalized patient in the mental health unit reported in the literature synthesizing the findings. Methodology. Scoping review according to the guidelines of the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the PRISMA report. The databases PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Nursingovid and ScienceDirect were consulted, including publications in Spanish, English and Portuguese in the period 2015-2021. Results. Fourteen articles were selected, identifying the following topics: Discharge Planning and Preparations; Continuity of Health Care; Social and Family Support for Discharge; and Therapeutic Adherence and Implications for Nursing Practice. Discussion. In line with other studies, the interventions that deal with good interpersonal relationships, social support and the generation of the link between the hospital and the community stand out. Conclusions. The retrieved literature reports five characteristics of the transition plan with nursing interventions that represent the success of the transition process for the patient.

Introdução. A readmissão hospitalar de pacientes com doença mental é causada principalmente pela descompensação do transtorno subjacente. Por isso, intervenções voltadas para a reabilitação e reinserção social devem ser consideradas, sendo a transição para o cuidado domiciliar uma estratégia que contribui para a redução de lacunas, acesso aos serviços e reinternações. O presente estudo busca identificar e expor, de uma perspectiva de cuidados de enfermagem, quais são as características do plano de transição do paciente internado na unidade de saúde mental relatadas na literatura, sintetizando os resultados. Metodologia. Revisão do âmbito de acordo com as diretrizes do JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis e do relatório PRISMA. Foram consultadas as bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Nursingovid e ScienceDirect, incluindo publicações em espanhol, inglês e português no período de 2015-2021. Resultados. Foram selecionados 14 artigos, identificando os seguintes temas: Planos e preparativos para a alta; Continuidade dos cuidados de saúde; Apoio social e familiar para alta; e Adesão terapêutica e implicações para a prática de enfermagem. Discussão. Em concordância com outros estudos, destacam-se as intervenções que trabalham o bom relacionamento interpessoal, o apoio social e a geração de vínculo entre o hospital e a comunidade. Conclusões. A literatura encontrada relata cinco características do plano de transição com intervenções de enfermagem que representam o sucesso do processo de transição para o paciente.

Reinternações não planejadas após cirurgias em um hospital do norte do Brasil: coorte prospectiva / Reingresos no planificados después de la cirugía en un hospital del norte de Brasil: cohorte prospectiva / Unplanned readmissions after surgery in a hospital in northern Brazil: prospective cohort

Objetivo:analisar as reinternaçõesnão planejadas após procedimentos cirúrgicos e seus fatores de risco em um hospital de grande porte no Norte do Brasil. Método:coorte prospectiva, com dados coletados de prontuários e à cabeceira do leito. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, análise bivariada e múltipla por meio da regressão de Poisson no Stata® v.16.0. Resultados:do total de 486 pacientes, 1,47% reinternaram. A incidência de reinternação foi 68 a cada 1.000 procedimentos (IC95%: 47,10; 93,85). Na análise ajustada apresentaram-se comofatores de risco não ser branco (RR: 2,06; IC95% 1,13; 3,75), usar implante na cirurgia (RR: 2,00; IC95%: 1,05; 3,81) e procedimentos das especialidades urologia/renal (RR: 3,17; IC95%:1,59-6,31) e ginecologia (RR: 2,18; IC95%:1,06-4,49). Conclusão:a incidência de reinternação nesta região é maior do que outras regiões. Características demográficas e tipo de procedimento cirúrgico foram fatores de risco para o desfecho

Objective:to analyze unplanned readmissions after surgical procedures and their risk factors in a large hospital in Northern Brazil. Method:prospective cohort, with data collected from medical records and at the bedside. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple analysis were performed using Poisson regression in Stata® v.16.0. Results: of the total of 486 patients, 1.47% were readmitted. The incidence of readmissions was 68 per 1,000 procedures (95%CI: 47.10; 93.85). In the adjusted analysis, the risk factors were not being white (RR: 2.06; 95%CI 1.13; 3.75), using implants in surgery (RR: 2.00; 95%CI: 1.05; 3.81) and procedures of the urology/renal specialties (RR: 3.17; 95%CI: 1.59-6.31) and gynecology (RR: 2.18; 95%CI: 1.06-4.49). Conclusion:the incidence of readmissions in this region is higher than in other regions. Demographic characteristics and type of surgical procedure were risk factors for the outcome

Objetivo:analizar los reingresos no planificados después de procedimientos quirúrgicos y sus factores de riesgo en un gran hospital del norte de Brasil. Método:cohorte prospectiva, con datos recolectados de historias clínicas y al lado de la cama. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y múltiples mediante regresión de Poisson en Stata® v.16.0. Resultados:del total de 486 pacientes, el 1,47% reingresó. La incidencia de reingresos fue de 68 por 1.000 procedimientos (IC del 95%: 47,10; 93,85). En el análisis ajustado, los factores de riesgo fueron no ser blanco (RR: 2,06; IC 95% 1,13; 3,75), uso de implantes en cirugía (RR: 2,00; IC 95%: 1,05; 3,81) y procedimientos de la urología/especialidades renales (RR: 3,17; IC 95%: 1,59-6,31) y ginecología (RR: 2,18; IC 95%: 1,06-4,49). Conclusión: la incidencia de reingresos en esta región es mayor que en otras regiones. Las características demográficas y el tipo de procedimiento quirúrgico fueron factores de riesgo para el resultado

Hospital outcomes in patients evaluated by rheumatology in a Colombian historical cohort

Introduction: Hospitalized patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) generate high impact in clinical terms. Objectives: To characterize the study population and estimate risk factors associated with the presence of adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients consulting rheumatology at Clínica Imbanaco between January 2013 and December 2019. Methods: We analyzed a historical cohort of hospitalized patients who were evaluated by rheumatology. The population was classified as follows: group 1, patients with new onset diagnosed SARDs; group 2, patients with known diagnosed SARDs; group 3, patients without diagnosed SARDs; and group 4, patients with unconfirmed suspicion of SARDs. A composite adverse outcome was defined if at least one of the following occurred: (1) hospital mortality, (2) admission to the intensive care unit, (3) hospital infection, or (4) readmission. Results: Information was collected from 327 hospitalization events (307 patients). The median age was 48 (34-63) years and 222 (72.3%) were women. The composite adverse outcome occurred in 136 (41.5%) hospitalization events. Group 2 had the highest number of adverse outcomes (61/128; 47.6%). The variables associated with the worst outcomes were cardiovascular diagnosis at admission (OR = 4.63; CI: 1.60-13.43; p = 0.005), longer hospital stay (OR = 1.04; CI: 1.01-1.07; p = 0.005), and a treating specialty other than internal medicine (OR = 2.79; CI: 1.26-6.17; p = 0.011). Male sex (OR = 0.29; CI: 0.12-0.66; p = 0.004), having special health coverage (OR = 0.39; CI: 0.15-.099; p = 0.047), and hemoglobin > 11.4 g/dL (OR = 0.82; CI: 0.69-0.99; p = 0.039) were the factors associated with lower odds of developing the composite outcome. Conclusions: In this historical cohort, the group of patients with known diagnosed SARDs presented a higher number in percentage terms of adverse outcomes. The most frequent adverse outcomes were admission to the ICU and hospital readmission.

Introducción: Los pacientes hospitalizados con enfermedades reumáticas o autoinmunes sistémicas (ERAS) generan gran impacto en términos clínicos. Objetivos: Caracterizar a la población y estimar factores de riesgo asociados con la presencia de desenlaces adversos en pacientes evaluados hospitalariamente por reumatología en la Clínica Imbanaco durante los arios 2013-2019. Metodología: Se analizó una cohorte histórica de pacientes hospitalizados que fueron evaluados por reumatología. La población se clasificó así: grupo 1, pacientes con ERAS diagnosticada de novo; grupo 2, pacientes con ERAS diagnosticada conocida; grupo 3, pacientes sin ERAS diagnosticada; y grupo 4, pacientes con sospecha no confirmada de ERAS. Se definió un desenlace adverso compuesto si se presentó al menos uno de los siguientes casos: 1) mortalidad hospitalaria; 2) ingreso a la unidad de cuidado intensivo; 3) infección intrahospitalaria; 4) reingreso. Resultados: En un total de 327 eventos de hospitalización (307 pacientes), la mediana de edad fue 48 (34-63) años y 222 (72,3%) fueron mujeres. El desenlace adverso compuesto se presentó en 136 (41,5%) eventos. El grupo 2 tuvo mayor número de desenlaces adversos (61/128; 47,6%). Las variables asociadas con peores resultados fueron: diagnóstico inicial cardiovascular (OR = 4,63; IC: 1,60-13,43; p = 0,005), mayor estancia hospitalaria (OR = 1,04; IC: 1,01-1,07; p = 0,005) y tener una especialidad tratante diferente a medicina interna (OR = 2,79; IC: 1,266,17; p = 0,011). El sexo masculino (OR = 0,29; IC: 0,12-0,66; p = 0,004), pertenecer a un régimen especial de salud (OR = 0,39; IC: 0,15-0,99; p = 0,047) y tener hemoglobina > 11,4 g/dL (OR = 0,82; IC: 0,69-0,99; p = 0,039) fueron factores asociados con menor oportunidad de desarrollar el desenlace compuesto. Conclusiones: En esta cohorte histórica se encontró que porcentualmente el grupo de pacientes con ERAS diagnosticadas conocidas presentó mayor número de desenlaces adversos, entre los que se destacan para el mismo grupo, el ingreso a UCI y el reingreso hospitalario.

Determinación de los factores asociados con el reingreso temprano de pacientes con enfermedad mental en dos ciudades de Colombia durante 2018 / Determination of Factors Associated with Early Readmission of Patients with Mental Illness in Two Cities in Colombia During 2018

RESUMEN Introducción: La rehospitalización temprana en unidades de salud mental (USM) es la necesidad de hospitalización de un paciente en los primeros 30 días tras el alta, principalmente por descompensación recurrente de su enfermedad mental. Este fenómeno se relaciona con un peor pronóstico y tiene impacto en el entorno familiar, social y laboral. El ausentismo laboral y las estancias hospitalarias adicionales son gastos para el sistema de salud y de empleo que han hecho de la rehospitalización un fenómeno de especial interés. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de explorar los factores asociados con el reingreso de los pacientes con enfermedad psiquiátrica atendidos en 2 USM en 2018, así como aquellos modificables que actúen como protección contra esta condición. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo con componente analítico de tipo casos y controles en 2 USM de distintas ciudades de Colombia. Se obtuvo información por medio de una ficha de recolección de datos tomados de los registros de historias clínicas de los pacientes que ingresaron entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre de 2018. La recolección de datos se hizo del 20 de febrero al 27 de mayo de 2019. Compusieron la muestra todos los pacientes que cumplían los criterios de reingreso temprano en ambas instituciones. El grupo de estudio estuvo conformado por 113 pacientes: 28 casos y 85 controles, emparejados por las variables edad, sexo, lugar de hospitalización y diagnóstico. Resultados: En las 2 USM hospitalarias, los diagnósticos encontrados fueron: depresión (15,5%), trastorno afectivo bipolar (33,1%) y esquizofrenia (37,3%); en Bogotá la más prevalente fue la depresión (31,1%) y en Tunja, la esquizofrenia (44,8%). Para ambas instituciones, el factor que más se asocia con el reingreso es el consumo de alcohol, pero otras variables de tratamiento, núcleo familiar e intervención individual también se asociaron con mayor probabilidad de reingreso temprano. Conclusiones: Se pudo demostrar que el uso de antipsicóticos atípicos y/o de depósito, las hospitalizaciones de más de 15 días y la prescripción de menos de 3 medicamentos al alta disminuyen el número de reingresos tempranos en las USM.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Early rehospitalisation in mental health units (SMHUs) is when a patient needs to be readmitted in the first 30 days after receiving discharge, and is mainly due to recurrent decompensation of their mental illness. This phenomenon is related to a worse prognosis and has an impact on the family, social and work environment. Absenteeism from work and additional hospital time are expenses for the health and employment system which have made rehospitalisation a phenomenon of special interest. The present study was carried out with the objective of exploring the factors associated with the readmission of patients with psychiatric illnesses treated in two MHUs during 2018, as well as those modifiable factors that act as protection for this condition. Methods: Observational, descriptive study with analytical component of cases and controls in two MHUs in different cities of Colombia. Information was obtained by collecting data from the medical records of patients who were admitted between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018. The data were collected between 20 February and 27 May 2019. The sample was composed of all the patients who met the criteria for early readmission in both institutions. The study group consisted of 113 patients: (28 cases and 85 controls), matched by the variables: age, sex, place of hospitalisation and diagnosis. Results: In the two hospital MHUs the diagnoses found were: depression (15.5%), bipolar affective disorder (33.1%) and schizophrenia (37.3%). In Bogotá, the most prevalent was depression (31.1%) and, in Tunja, it was schizophrenia (44.8%). For both institutions, the factor most associated with readmission was alcohol consumption, but other variables of treatment, family nucleus, and individual intervention were also associated with a greater probability of early readmission. Conclusions: It was possible to demonstrate that the use of atypical and/or depot antipsychotics, hospitalisations longer than 15 days, and prescriptions of less than three drugs at discharge, reduce the number of early readmissions to MHUs.